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Fumaria Densiflora, Dense-flowered Fumitory
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean region, and introduced to North, South America and Australia. ''Fumaria'' species are sometimes used in herbal medicine. ''Fumaria indica'' contains an unusual mix of alkaloids such as fuyuziphine and alpha-hydrastine. ''Fumaria indica'' extracts may have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential. Selected species There are about 50 species: *''Fumaria abyssinica'' Hammar *''Fumaria agraria'' Lag. *''Fumaria ajmasiana'' Pau & Font Quer *''Fumaria asepala'' Boiss. *''Fumaria atlantica'' Coss. & Durieu ''ex'' Hausskn. *''Fumaria ballii'' Pugsley *''Fumaria barnolae'' Sennen & Pau *''Fumaria bastardii'' Boreau *''Fumaria berberica'' Pugsley *''Fumaria bicolor'' Sommier ''ex'' Nicotra *'' Fumaria bracteosa'' Pomel * ''Fumaria'' × ''burnatii' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumarium
A fumarium was a smoke chamber used in ancient Rome to enhance the flavor of Ancient Rome and wine, wine through artificially "aging (wine), aging" the wine. Amphorae were placed in the chamber, which was built on top of a heated hearth, in order to impart a smoky flavor in the wine that also seemed to sharpen the acidity. The wine would sometimes come out of the fumarium with a paler color. In his book ''Vintage: The Story of Wine'', Hugh Johnson noted that Pliny the Elder and Columella did not recommend that "first-growth wines" like Falernian wine, Falernian, Caecuban wine, Caecuban, and Alban wine, Alban be smoked. Process For preservation, the amphorae were sometimes treated with sulphur dioxide prior to being placed in the fumarium. In his book, ''The Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature'', John Kitto states that the ban on smoked wines as offerings in the Mishna stemmed from the Roman use of sulphur fumes - a uniquely Gentile technique.John Kitto, ''The Cyclopedia of Biblical L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrastine
Hydrastine is an isoquinoline alkaloid which was discovered in 1851 by Alfred P. Durand. Nitric acid induced hydrolysis of hydrastine yields hydrastinine, which was patented by Bayer as a haemostatic drug in the early 1900's. It is present in ''Hydrastis canadensis'' (thus the name) and other plants of the family Ranunculaceae. Total synthesis The first attempt for the total synthesis of hydrastine was reported by Sir Robert Robinson and co-workers in 1931. Following studies where the synthesis of the key lactonic amide intermediate (structure 4 in figure) was the most troublesome, the major breakthrough was achieved in 1981 when J. R. Falck and co-workers reported a four-step total synthesis of hydrastine from simple starting materials. The key step in the Falck synthesis was using a Passerini reaction to construct the lactonic amide intermediate 4. : Starting from a simple phenylbromide variant 1, alkylation reaction with lithium methylisocyanide gives the isocyanide inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumaria Berberica
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean region, and introduced to North, South America and Australia. ''Fumaria'' species are sometimes used in herbal medicine. ''Fumaria indica'' contains an unusual mix of alkaloids such as fuyuziphine and alpha-hydrastine. '' Fumaria indica'' extracts may have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential. Selected species There are about 50 species: *'' Fumaria abyssinica'' Hammar *'' Fumaria agraria'' Lag. *'' Fumaria ajmasiana'' Pau & Font Quer *'' Fumaria asepala'' Boiss. *'' Fumaria atlantica'' Coss. & Durieu ''ex'' Hausskn. *'' Fumaria ballii'' Pugsley *'' Fumaria barnolae'' Sennen & Pau *'' Fumaria bastardii'' Boreau *'' Fumaria berberica'' Pugsley *'' Fumaria bicolor'' Sommier ''ex'' Nicotra *'' Fumaria bracteosa'' Pomel * ''Fumaria'' × ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumaria Bastardii
''Fumaria bastardii'', commonly, tall ramping fumitory or bastard's fumitory, is a tall (to 2 m.), many-branched herbaceous flowering plant native to Western Europe including the British Isles and the northern Mediterranean. The species is a weed of arable and disturbed ground, and occurs as an introduced alien in many areas of the world with suitable climates, including Southwest Australia and North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri .... References Tall Ramping-fumitory External links {{Taxonbar, from=Q5508530 bastardii Flora of Malta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumaria Barnolae
''Fumaria barnolae'' is a species of plant in the family Papaveraceae The Papaveraceae, informally known as the poppy family, are an economically important family (biology), family of about 42 genera and approximately 775 known species of flowering plants in the order Ranunculales. The family is cosmopolitan dis .... Sources References {{Taxonbar, from=Q15332876 barnolae Flora of Malta Taxa named by Frère Sennen Plants described in 1917 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumaria Ballii
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean region, and introduced to North, South America and Australia. ''Fumaria'' species are sometimes used in herbal medicine. ''Fumaria indica'' contains an unusual mix of alkaloids such as fuyuziphine and alpha-hydrastine. '' Fumaria indica'' extracts may have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential. Selected species There are about 50 species: *'' Fumaria abyssinica'' Hammar *'' Fumaria agraria'' Lag. *'' Fumaria ajmasiana'' Pau & Font Quer *'' Fumaria asepala'' Boiss. *'' Fumaria atlantica'' Coss. & Durieu ''ex'' Hausskn. *'' Fumaria ballii'' Pugsley *''Fumaria barnolae'' Sennen & Pau *''Fumaria bastardii'' Boreau *''Fumaria berberica'' Pugsley *'' Fumaria bicolor'' Sommier ''ex'' Nicotra *'' Fumaria bracteosa'' Pomel * ''Fumaria'' × '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumaria Agraria
''Fumaria agraria'' is an herbaceous annual plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae. It is native to North Africa and the western Mediterranean Europe, and has been introduced to Chile, Peru, Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ..., and Argentina, northern Argentina, where it is now an invasive species. Description The leaves are leaf shape, pinnatisect. It has pink flowers with purple petal tips. References Fumaria, agraria Plants described in 1816 Flora of Malta {{papaveraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumaria Abyssinica
''Fumaria abyssinica'' is an herbaceous annual plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae. It is native to East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It grows in upland rainforest and bamboo forest, and has become a weed in local farms. Description Plants have stems to 60 cm long and sometimes climb. The leaves are pinnatisect. Its inflorescences consists of 10-20 pedicels In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branch ... bearing 5-6 mm long, ovate-acuminate pink flowers with purple petal tips. References abyssinica Plants described in 1858 {{papaveraceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Plant List
The Plant List was a list of botanical names of species of plants created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden and launched in 2010. It was intended to be a comprehensive record of all known names of plant species over time, and was produced in response to Target 1 of the 2002–2010 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSP C), to produce "An online flora of all known plants". It has not been updated since 2013, and has been superseded by World Flora Online. World Flora Online In October 2012, the follow-up project World Flora Online was launched with the aim to publish an online flora of all known plants by 2020. This is a project of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, with the aim of halting the loss of plant species worldwide by 2020. It is developed by a collaborative group of institutions around the world response to the 2011-2020 GSPC's updated Target 1. This aims to achieve an online Flora of all known plants by 2020 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |